Economic Cooperation Organization Member Countries＇ Economic Development： The Importance of Assessing Technoparks

Advanced technologies in the world, especially in the last quarter century of rapid change, radical innovation were required to compete in important decisions, triggered by the national network of cooperation structures which is a very significant changes in participates in the regional country or new technology generation and transfer systems to be released; starting from the most basic research on the effect of knowledge production, commercialization, distribution of the total well-being of society is an important dating ＂shining knowledge value chain＂. This important change has become the main formative element of the economies. Recent advances in the knowledge economy and the resulting new strategic theories, knowledge, technology transfer, and increased mobility at the long distances, the concept of regional development is a brand new technological cooperation aims and information focusing on the transformation processes of growth of the economies of developed nations, which is the most important technological innovation in the vision of the economic development advanced plays an important role, evolving processes trigger in all aspects of the right to read most threats and opportunities that might be the best analysis, by passing the appropriate policies for countries in their visions, and entrusted a vital importance. In this context, Azerbaijan, Turkey, Afghanistan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Yajikistan, Yurkmenistan, and Uzbekistan in addition to research, technology development and production partner countries＇ and these countries sharing innovation structures with R＆D Center in technoparks and to serve together in the development of the total synergies ＂of the economic cooperation organization＂.     

Enforcing and re-enforcing trust: Employers,managers and upper-white-collar employees in Finnish manufacturing companies, 1920–1980

In this article employee–employer relations with respect to upper-white-collar employees in Finnish large-scale companies are investigated. The period is from the 1920s to the 1980s. The article shows that the employee–employer relations were during the whole period based on mutual trust. In spite of significant transformations in the labour market practices and in interest formulation and unionisation among these employees, it was in the interests of both parties to maintain these trustful relations. However, the tools with which to maintain such relations changed and adapted. The process was not easy, and was marked by elements of conflict and tension. The elements of trust had to be actively strengthened and rebuilt, especially in the 1960s and 1970s. But as the post-war economic and societal model was marked by a striving for consensus and the smoothing out of conflicts in order to promote industrialisation and growth, the institutional model also supported the maintaining of mutual trust and loyalty between the employees and the employers.     

Women on boards of directors: Why skirts in seats aren’t enough

Most organizations focus their attention on simply achieving gender diversity on their boards. This approach misses the point. A complex relationship exists between board gender diversity and good governance whereby such diversity can have a negative, positive, or neutral impact on organizational performance, indicating that organizations may only reap the benefits of gender-diverse boards under proper conditions. This article examines which conditions allow gender-diverse boards to flourish and which conditions lead to failure. Organizations usually increase female representation on boards of directors to achieve one of two goals: gender parity or improved governance. Each of these goals is influenced by different circumstances and thus must be approached in a unique manner. Three recommendations are offered herein for organizations trying to achieve each goal. Gender, ethnic, and cultural board diversity all share related justifications and challenges, so organizations that follow the recommendations in this article will be well positioned to benefit from all three sources of increased diversity on their boards of directors.     

Understanding organizational citizenship behavior from a cultural perspective: An empirical study within the context of hotels in Mainland China

Scholarly concerns in organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) have increased dramatically over the past two decades. Nevertheless, there are significant issues yet to be addressed and resolved, one of which relates to the influences of cultural values on such voluntary behaviors. In view of the importance of OCB in meliorating hotel service and cultivating customer loyalty, the current study seeks to investigate a possible mechanism through which Chinese values (CVs) may function on employee citizenship behaviors within the hotels in Mainland China. The research questions focus on whether CVs have a direct impact on OCB and its verified antecedents, leader–member exchange (LMX) and employee organizational commitment (OC). Eventually, the research findings have verified the conceptual model and confirmed all the postulated linkages among the constructs under study.     

对乌鲁木齐市零就业家庭24小时动态清零政策实施情况的调查

就业是民生之本，是促进社会和谐发展的重要基础。2010年召开的自治区党委七届九次全委扩大会议提出重点解决零就业家庭就业问题，并且将零就业家庭就业援助工作作为新疆实现跨越式发展和长治久安的一项重点民生工程。2011年是自治区确定的民生建设年，如何继续落实好零就业家庭24小时动态清零政策，促进就业再就业工作是当前亟待解决的问题。本文通过对零就业家庭就业援助政策背景、实施情况、存在问题等进行深入分析，提出了提升零就业家庭成员就业竞争力、促进零就业家庭稳定就业的相关对策建议。     

南方集体林经营方案研究综述

根据中国的研究现状,对南方集体林经营方案的内涵、方案的编制、方案的实施及执行效益评估、方案的相关制度等研究文献进行了综合分析。结果表明:理论研究严重滞后于森林经营实践,急需将南方集体林经营方案的编制与实施看作一项系统工程,将与之有关的各项因素都纳入,开展综合性、系统性的交叉研究。     

集体林区生态公益林产权制度改革研究

依据公共物品理论和产权的公法限制理论对中国集体林区生态公益林产权制度改革的方向和主要内容进行了研究。研究提出,公益林产权制度的改革应遵循"分类改革"的原则,属于纯公共物品的公益林,采取国有化林权模式;属于准公共物品的生态公益林,坚持公益林所有权不变。改革的主要内容有:⑴建立公益林征用与管制制度;⑵优化公益林产权权利,合理落实经营与管护主体;⑶促进公益林产权市场化运作。     

论中国集体林产权流转监管制度的完善

在分析中国集体林产权流转现状的基础上,对其中存在的资产评估体系不完善、交易不规范、登记发证存在缺陷和监督机制不健全等问题进行了探讨,并提出了完善的建议:从规范林权变动审核制度、健全森林资源资产评估体系、完善林权流转合同制度和改革森林资源档案管理4个方面来加强集体林产权流转监管,以保护森林资源产权主体合法权益。     

构建高校党员先进性教育长效机制的思考

该文认为，要使高校的党员永葆先进性，就要从动力机制入手，构建党员先进性教育的长效机制。构建动力推动机制，强化党员永葆先进性的主动性；构建压力督助机制，形成党员永葆先进性的自觉性；构建耐力恒温机制，强化党员永葆先进性的坚定性。     

我国产业集群的竞争力研究

Industrial clusters have been an important phenomenon of the global economy. The most important reason for its becoming the focus of people＇s attention and the popular mode of industry programming is continuous and powerful competitiveness ,The article analyzes this competitiveness, and points out some problems of China＇s industrial clusters, which directly affects its current competitiveness and further development. Finally, we propose stone specific measures of those problems.